自定义网络

我们直接启动一个容器，不适用--net指定网络，默认指定的是bridge的docker0，但是容器名不能直接访问，需要使用link实现，比较麻烦。而且默认网络是自动分配IP的，不能自己指定，在实际部署中，我们需要指定容器ip，不允许其自行分配ip，尤其是搭建集群时，固定ip是必须的。

我们可以自定义bridge网络，不需要link也可以实现容器名称访问，创建容器的时候可以使用--ip指定容器的IP，专网专用也可以隔离容器之间的网络互相干扰。

自定义网络，bridge类型，子网，网关
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# 创建自定义网络
[root@localhost ~]# docker network create --driver bridge --subnet 192.168.0.0/16 --gateway 192.168.0.1 mynet
c5e99afee05debf1c1bb212ebe98e63630713bd4337b8f8bd39ac085f9001adc

[root@localhost ~]# docker network ls
NETWORK ID     NAME      DRIVER    SCOPE
04f2eb0d05b9   bridge    bridge    local
9697f77248e1   host      host      local
c5e99afee05d   mynet     bridge    local
abc08bbf4c8b   none      null      local

#查看网络详情
[root@localhost ~]# docker network inspect mynet
[
    {
        "Name": "mynet",
        "Id": "c5e99afee05debf1c1bb212ebe98e63630713bd4337b8f8bd39ac085f9001adc",
        "Created": "2022-01-09T20:21:03.072892903+08:00",
        "Scope": "local",
        "Driver": "bridge",
        "EnableIPv6": false,
        "IPAM": {
            "Driver": "default",
            "Options": {},
            "Config": [
                {
                    "Subnet": "192.168.0.0/16",
                    "Gateway": "192.168.0.1"
                }
            ]
        },
        "Internal": false,
        "Attachable": false,
        "Ingress": false,
        "ConfigFrom": {
            "Network": ""
        },
        "ConfigOnly": false,
        "Containers": {},
        "Options": {},
        "Labels": {}
    }
]
启动两个容器，连接到自定义网络，使用容器名称可以访问成功
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[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name nginx_c_b4 --net mynet --ip 192.168.0.6 nginx
4a981bf3c9976ce538582964bf879538c1d34e046b4b7742332cd46c4f6686a9

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d --name nginx_c_b5 --net mynet --ip 192.168.0.7 nginx
1bda6e711e7cf31c0597f0c023a7317fbd8b576c9297408b0826d810e58b7760

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it nginx_c_b4 curl nginx_c_b5
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Welcome to nginx!</title>
<style>
html { color-scheme: light dark; }
body { width: 35em; margin: 0 auto;
font-family: Tahoma, Verdana, Arial, sans-serif; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome to nginx!</h1>
<p>If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed and
working. Further configuration is required.</p>

<p>For online documentation and support please refer to
<a href="http://nginx.org/">nginx.org</a>.<br/>
Commercial support is available at
<a href="http://nginx.com/">nginx.com</a>.</p>

<p><em>Thank you for using nginx.</em></p>
</body>
</html>